Biomarker Modifications Terms Controlled Vocabulary

Biomarker Entity Types Controlled Vocabulary

Biomarker Reporting Terms Controlled Vocabulary

Biomarker Aspect Terms Controlled Vocabulary

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       BiomarkerKB Controlled Vocabulary:

         Biomarker Modifications Controlled Vocabulary File

         Biomarker Knowledgebase Project

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Description: Controlled vocabulary of molecular modifications representing

chemical or post-translational changes to biomarker entities.

Name:        modifications.txt

Release:     2025_07_16

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 This document lists controlled modification terms that describe chemical,

 structural, or enzymatic alterations to biomarker entities. These terms

 are used to represent states such as methylation, phosphorylation, or

 glycosylation, enabling consistent annotation of modified biomarker forms.

 Each entry consists of the following line codes:

   ----  ----------  ---------------------------  ---------------------------------

 Code  Name        Content                      Occurrences

 ----  ----------  ---------------------------  ---------------------------------

 ID    Identifier  Modification term            Once; starts an entry

 AC   Accession   Unique identifier (MO-xxxx)  Once

 DE   Definition  Definition/description     Once; line wrapping possible

 HI    Hierarchy                                Optional; zero or more

 EQ   Equivalent  External identifier with     Optional; zero or more

                      same meaning

 EX    Example                                  Optional; zero or once

 NT    Notes                                    Optional; zero or once; line

                                                  wrapping possible

 //    Terminator  End of entry                 Once; ends an entry

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ID   methylation

AC   MO-0001

DE   The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule.

HI   chemical modification

EQ   GO:0032259; methylation

EX   presence of methylation in DCC; https://biomarkerkb.org/canonical/AN6479

//

ID   phosphorylation

AC   MO-0002

DE   The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually

DE   with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a

DE   phosphoric amide.

HI   post-translational modification

EQ   GO:0016310; phosphorylation

EX   AKT1 S473 Phosphorylation; https://biomarkerkb.org/canonical/AN4659

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ID   acetylation

AC   MO-0003

DE   Acetylation involves the covalent linkage of an acetyl group into an

DE   organic molecule.

HI   post-translational modification

EQ   NCIT:C16255; Acetylation

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ID   glycosylation

AC   MO-0004

DE   The covalent chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl

DE   groups to other chemicals, by glycosyl transferases.

HI   post-translational modification

EQ   NCIT:C21034; Glycosylation

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