Biomarker Modifications Terms Controlled Vocabulary
Biomarker Entity Types Controlled Vocabulary
Biomarker Reporting Terms Controlled Vocabulary
Biomarker Aspect Terms Controlled Vocabulary
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BiomarkerKB Controlled Vocabulary:
Biomarker Modifications Controlled Vocabulary File
Biomarker Knowledgebase Project
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Description: Controlled vocabulary of molecular modifications representing
chemical or post-translational changes to biomarker entities.
Name: modifications.txt
Release: 2025_07_16
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This document lists controlled modification terms that describe chemical,
structural, or enzymatic alterations to biomarker entities. These terms
are used to represent states such as methylation, phosphorylation, or
glycosylation, enabling consistent annotation of modified biomarker forms.
Each entry consists of the following line codes:
---- ---------- --------------------------- ---------------------------------
Code Name Content Occurrences
---- ---------- --------------------------- ---------------------------------
ID Identifier Modification term Once; starts an entry
AC Accession Unique identifier (MO-xxxx) Once
DE Definition Definition/description Once; line wrapping possible
HI Hierarchy Optional; zero or more
EQ Equivalent External identifier with Optional; zero or more
same meaning
EX Example Optional; zero or once
NT Notes Optional; zero or once; line
wrapping possible
// Terminator End of entry Once; ends an entry
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ID methylation
AC MO-0001
DE The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule.
HI chemical modification
EQ GO:0032259; methylation
EX presence of methylation in DCC; https://biomarkerkb.org/canonical/AN6479
//
ID phosphorylation
AC MO-0002
DE The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually
DE with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a
DE phosphoric amide.
HI post-translational modification
EQ GO:0016310; phosphorylation
EX AKT1 S473 Phosphorylation; https://biomarkerkb.org/canonical/AN4659
//
ID acetylation
AC MO-0003
DE Acetylation involves the covalent linkage of an acetyl group into an
DE organic molecule.
HI post-translational modification
EQ NCIT:C16255; Acetylation
//
ID glycosylation
AC MO-0004
DE The covalent chemical or biochemical addition of carbohydrate or glycosyl
DE groups to other chemicals, by glycosyl transferases.
HI post-translational modification
EQ NCIT:C21034; Glycosylation
//